Steps in problem solving

There are several problems that are faced by us in day today life .These steps to problem solving helps the student of grade V to understand the problem in very efficient manner . These problems are look very complex initially so there are basically some Standard Form Steps to problem solving in math that are as follows:
Step no (1): Problem understanding - First states the problem in your own words then find the main problem or thing you want to solve .
Then find the all unknown variable into the given problem and check the other information ypu need to find the solution for main problem.
Step no (2): Make a plan to solve the problem – There are some steps or strategies that helps in making a plan :
First of all check the pattern of the problem then research for the other problems that are solved before having the same pattern .After getting the all results then make the tables and diagram according to the given problem and at last make the suitable expression for the problem that have the same pattern as before solved problems
Step no (3) : act according to the plan – After making a useful plan implement according to the plan means perform the necessary actions and computations that are helping us in solving problem .when getting the answer check them that these are according to the expected answer or not and if these are not according to them then apply other plan for problem solving .Maintain the record for each and every calculations .
Step no (4) : Back track :Check the Result by putting in the original problem and find another method to cross check the answer and also find the other related problem that are in more general form by solve with the existing technique or method .


In upcoming posts we will discuss about adding decimal calculator. Visit our website for information on CBSE class 12 chemistry previous years question papers

Tools to solve problems

Hi friends, In today's math tutor session, we will discuss about Tools to solve problems. Problem solving is a key skill And it is one which make a great difference in our career and now problems are at the center of many people. The problems you may be face large or small, easy or complicated to solve. A main part of every manager is to solve problems. Confidence comes from having a good problem with very quickly and effectively and gets sometimes painful consequence.
There are four basic steps in problem solving are as follow for the Grade V of Andhra Pradesh state board:
1.    Defining the problem
2.    Generating alternatives
3.    Evaluating and selecting alternatives
4.    implementing solution
Problem solving is a mental process consists of larger problem process which includes problem finding and problem shaping.
Problem is defined as a state of desire for the reaching of definite goal.
Problem solving has two major factor: mathematical problem solving and personal problem solving.
Tools to solve problems are beneficial as
It is helpful to quickly determine the root cause of a problem.
It is simple and easy to learn and apply.
We have to use the tool solving problem in five ways technique.
Problem solving such as root cause analysis and cause and effect analysis.
Problem solving tools techniques is a course to provide participants with an understanding of basic problem solving tools and used to find root cause.
A problem solving toolbox and the knowledge is necessary to use the tools for the root cause analysis and improvement of process in their own organization. Problem solving process is four step are
Simplex which involves eight stage process that is problem finding, fact finding, defining the problem, idea finding, selecting and evaluating, planning, selling the idea.
Appreciating Inquiry is a unique positive approach by helping you to solve problems.
Soft system methodology is helping you to understand complex problems.


In next post we will talk on Steps in problem solving. For more information on factoring trinomials, you can visit our website

Tools to record observations

Hi friends, In today's Math Problem Solver session we will discuss about Tools to record observations. When we do some experiments and get some observations from those experiments are recorded, these observations are used in further experiments and also in the same experiment to evaluate the results. These tools are helpful for students of grade V of Andhra Pradesh board in mathematical problems solving. There are many tools to record observations which are useful to provide the previous result when needed, rules for recording the observations are as follows:
Peel off notes: In this record structure observations are recorded in the form of labels and these records have the date – time stamp and whenever there is any need for any observation it will be easily extracted from the notes.
Clip board chart: In this type of recording tool there is a sheet that is partitioned for each group of experiment and for every single experiment all the related observations are write into the corresponding section. At the end of the time that would be a week or month all the observations are placed into the permanent individual card that are specific to each experiment.
Sticky notes: This is very similar to the peel off notes but difference is that after completion of time it will be replaced by the new sticky notes.
Binder notes: In this type of record structure for every experiment there is three or more ring binder and all the observations are placed into the sheets that is related with the experiment and in this there is no need to put the record in different sheets but put them only one time with their time and date stamp .
Computer files : In this record structure first of all in computer maintain the different files for each experiment and transfer each observation directly from the book into the computer file .

In upcoming posts we will discuss about Tools to solve problems. Visit our website for information on Z Score Table

Problem solving strategies

Problem solving strategies are defined as steps to solve the problem or define the way of problem solving. In Problem solving strategies we discuss the process of solving the large problems that have steps, we first break the large problem into some small solvable problems and if the problem is complex then subdivided each part of problem into less complex solvable part.
Define all the variables that are given into the problem as well as all the functions (also play functions and relations worksheet) that are defined into the problem and modulate that part or functions according to the need.
This problem solving strategies helps the students of grade V of AP state intermediate board to understand the way that how a complex problem is solved using different type of strategies.
If we talk about the word problem solving strategies then it will be describe as:
(1) First of all write the problem in your own words that helps to understand the problem in more effective way and consider all the variables and the functions that are applied on these variables.
(2) After the step mentioned above we draw appropriate diagram according to the given problem and finds the answer based on the diagram.
(3) Make the record or list for all the calculation that is done to solve the problem and calculate the answer is other strategy to solve the problem
(4) Another strategy is Predict the answer of the given problem and When get the answer according to the calculation then check it with the predict answer.
(5) Divide and conquer the problem means first divide the problem into small parts and then solve these parts and again combine them to get the answer.
(6) Other strategy is to find the problems that have the same pattern and solved before then follow the pattern to solve the problem.

In next post we will talk on Tools to record observations. For more information on Geometric Mean, you can visit our website

Mathematical Reasoning

Mathematical reasoning definition is describe as solve the problem without knowing that what is to be done and when you know how to solve math problems then it is not consider as mathematical reasoning .
Mathematical reasoning are containing the problems that are not in routine and they are not solved by using any procedure these problems are solved by making own strategies and these are not based on the single strategy but based on the variety of strategies.
It should be noted then these are not follow any procedure if you stuck any where then you need to do something to solve the problem occur at that time.
There are some mathematical reasoning examples that helps the student of grade V to understand the way how to solve the problems of mathematical reasoning are as follows:
Example (1): Write the numbers that have 11 tens, 8 ones and 2 hundreds?
Example (2) :If Jon have 23 chocolates and he put equal number of chocolates in two bags and after putting seven chocolates are left then how many chocolates he put into each bag ?
These problems are needed only of little bit attention to solve. These problems are considered as mathematical reasoning problems.
These types of problems are helping the students to make their mathematical concept strong as well as math homework help the student to save their extra time that is spend in problem solving as for example If we want to multiple the number 36 * 17 then it will solved in more easy way as add 4 to 36 that is equal to 40 (36 + 4) and add 3 in 17 to make it 20 as (17 + 3) and multiply them that is much easier then multiply 36 * 17 and answer for multiplication 40 * 20 = 800 and subtract 4 and 3 means 7 from 800 that is 793 that is the actual answer for 36 * 17 .

In upcoming posts we will discuss about Problem solving strategies. Visit our website for information on CBSE class 12 chemistry previous years question papers

Mathematics in daily life

Free Math Help : Math has some specific definition according to that definition it is a science that helps in structuring, ordering and relating the things with each other.
In other words it helps people in counting, describing and measuring the things that have very much importance in our life. So use of mathematics in daily life is very vital that helps us in counting the things. Can you imagine your life without measuring or counting the things or other materials, no we never expect our life without use mathematics our daily life so there are many things in our life that can never be assumed without math so we take some of very interesting examples that help students of grade V of Andhra Pradesh board to understand the use of math.
When life starts we count the number of days after birth of a child, and then count number of months and then count number of years, so without math it is not possible. There are many examples in our life like traveling to some place or money management or playing any game like playing football or making any recipe by measuring the weight of ingredients or making new friends or increase the number of employee in the organization or finding the distance between two places that unintentionally use the math in calculation .
Math is universal means it starts when the human being is born, it was invented by the human being for day to day calculations and it is not related with a specific region it is for all and also same for all .It helps us in taking the decisions and other important work that belong to our daily routine life.

In next post we will talk on Mathematical Reasoning. For more information on Factoring Polynomials, you can visit our website

Possible outcomes and making predictions

Hi Friends, In today's tutoring session we will focus on Possible outcomes and making predictions. Possible Outcome of an event or making predictions in any event are relatively similar terms, as in both the cases one has to look at the likelihood or relative frequency for something to happen, Predicting what will happen is a valuable real thinking skill of any person which helps him get closer to the possibility of an event.
While concluding about the possible outcomes one must also take care about how he/she is making predictions in them and this ways the objective of getting closer to the reality of the event can be achieved, generally these type of problems are practiced with grade V students.
Now, let us take few examples with which we can be closer to the in predicting the Probability of Occurrence of an Event.
1. If an individual has a choice of picking 3 Shirts, 5 Jeans and 4 Shoes, predict how many different outfits one can be in (assuming nothing can be picked more than once).
In such case we can see that the possible number will be= 3*5*4.
2. If a day, has to be chosen from the month of September ( 30 days ) having 3 in the date, what is the possibility of that day to occur ?, this can be easily seen that possibility is 4/ 30 ( 3, 13, 23 and 30 ).
Have you ever thought that in your day to day life you come across so many things which run on the principle of prediction, for instance say weather forecast, Stock markets, the environment etc.? The generation and analysis of data is becoming extremely prevalent in today’s world, where data is generated at the occurring of every event and thus making it extremely important to use this data properly to do, the proper prediction of any particular event.

In upcoming posts we will discuss about Mathematics in daily life. Visit our website for information on 12th biology syllabus Maharashtra board

Mean and median in Maths

Hello friends today we are going to learn some topics of Statistics included in Grade V of Karnataka state board. To understand about statistics we have to learn about two important terms which are Mean and median. Mean, Median the two kinds of most common averages and are used very commonly in Statistics.
Definition of Mean: Mean means average where addition of all numbers is done and then we divide it by total amount of the numbers .
Example1:
Find the Mean: 13, 52, 2, 13
sum is: 80
Divide 80 by 4: 20
'Mean'  = 20
Definition of Median: It is the middle value from the list of the numbers arranged in the numerical order. After arranging list into increasing order we have to check the numbers of the list, if it is odd the median is the middle number in the list .If Total of list is even then median is equal to sum of the middle two numbers divided by two
Examples for calculating Median
Example 1:8, 2, 43, 16, 14 (Odd Numbers)
Line up numbers in increasing Order: 2, 8, 14, 16, 43
Median : 14 (The number in the middle)
Example 2:
Find  Median : 8, 2, 43, 16, 14, 6 (Even amount of numbers)
Line up : 2,6,8,14,16,43(Increasing Order)
Add the 2 middle numbers and divide by 2:- 14, 8=(14+8)/2=22/2=11
The Median is 11.
Solved Problem:
Find the mean, median of the following numbers:
12, 17, 12, 13, 12, 15, 13, 20, 14
Mean =(12 + 17 + 12 + 13 + 12 + 15 + 13 + 20 + 14) ÷ 9 = 14.2
Median=12, 12, 12, 13, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20 = 13
Hope you understood about Mean and Median with the help of Explained Examples.

In next post we will talk on Possible outcomes and making predictions. For more information on Poisson Distribution, you can visit our website

grade V

In this section we all are going to discuss about geometry help and lines of symmetry which are usually studied in grade V. Here I am going to tell you the best way of understanding these topics.Now let us start with basics about geometry:
Geometry is on the whole about the points, lines, angles, areas, volumes etc. And to learn it we should keep some points in our mind. A point is represented as a dot in a plane, a line is described as the collection of points, a line does not have any end point, a line segment is a part of line that has two end points, a ray is defined as a line which starts from a point and extends in a direction forever, when two rays start from same point then they form an angle between them, plane can be defined as a flat surface that extends forever. Triangle, circle, quadrilateral, polygons etc. are the examples of geometrical shapes.
Now let us talk in detail about Lines of symmetry. When an image or a figure is folded from the middle and if the half part is completely symmetric to the other half part or in other words one half part is mirror image of the other part then that figure or image is said to be symmetric. And when you unfold that figure or image you will see a line of crease, that line is known as line of symmetry. Let’s see lines of symmetry of some shapes.
Lines of symmetry of triangles:
In a triangle we can have 3, 1 or 0 number of lines of symmetry.
                          
Equilateral triangle ( having all sides and angles equal )
It has 3 lines of symmetry.
                     
Isosceles triangle ( having two sides and angles equal )
It has 1 line of symmetry
                
Scalene triangle ( having no sides and angles equal )
It has no lines of symmetry

Lines of symmetry of quadrilaterals:
There are many types of quadrilaterals

                 
Square ( having all sides and angles equal and also all angles are 90 degrees )
It has 4 lines of symmetry.
         
             
Rectangle ( having opposite sides equal and all angles are 90 degrees )
It has 2 lines of symmetry.

            
Irregular Quadrilateral
It has no lines of symmetry

                  
Kite
It has 1 line of symmetry.

                     
Rhombus ( having all sides equal in length )
It has 2 lines of symmetry.

Lines of symmetry of regular polygons:
In a regular polygon we have all sides and angles equal to each other.

                                       
Regular Pentagon ( having 5 sides )
It has 5 lines of symmetry

                 
Regular Hexagon ( having 6 sides )
It has 6 lines of symmetry

               
Regular Heptagon ( having 7 sides )
It has 7 lines of symmetry

                  
Regular Octagon ( having 8 sides )
It has 8 lines of symmetry

Lines of symmetry of circles:
A circle has infinite number of lines of symmetry and the lines of symmetry must be go through the radius of circle.

              

In upcoming posts we will discuss about Probability and Statistics. Visit our website for information on syllabus of economics for ICSE class 12

Number systems in Grade V

Welcome children! In earlier classes we have studied about Number systems. In Math Grade V of Karnataka state board sslc syllabus we will study more about them.
We know that all counting numbers are called natural numbers. But any time we need to measure some units like weight, length or capacity of any container, we usually start from 0.
This series of numbers starting from 0, 1, 2, 3... up to infinite is called a series of whole numbers.
So we can say that whole numbers are measuring numbers and natural numbers are counting numbers. Number system in math has a very important role to play in our life.
In fact our life revolves around the numbers

If we need to count the number of students in a class, or number of books in your bag we always start the counting by 1 not by zero (0).
 Now let us look at some common properties of numbers.
1. Zero (0) is called Additive Identity, which means if we add or subtract zero to any number, the result remains unchanged.
      E.g. 45 + 0 = 45 and 37 - 0 = 37
2. One (1) is called multiplicative identity, which means if we multiply or divide any number by 1, the result remains unchanged.
 E.g.: 65 * 1 = 65 and 24 / 1 =24
 3 . Both addition and multiplication satisfies closure property, which means if any two natural numbers or whole numbers are added or multiplied, the sum and the
        Product is also a natural number. E.g. 2  + 5 = 7. Here 2 and 5 are added to give 7.
        We can observe that 2 and 5 are natural numbers and the sum is also a natural number.
        Similarly  2  *  5 = 10. Here 2 and 5 are multiplied to give 7.
        We observe can that 2 and 5 are natural numbers and the product 10 is also a natural number

In next post we will talk on grade V. For more information on algebra 2, you can visit our website

Problems on sum of angles for Grade V

Hello kids, in this math solver blog, we will discuss about Problems on sum of angles for Math Grade V. Before, we move to the topic, it is necessary to know about the angles. An angle is created when two lines or two rays meet at a point. The rays are called the sides of the angle. Now I am going to tell you about the different types of Problems on sum of angles. The different angles are Central Angle, Complementary Angles, Congruent Angles, Corresponding Angles, Interior Angles and Exterior Angles. Let us talk about about these angles one by one. (also read on consecutive exterior angles)
Central Angle: - Central angle of a circle is formed by two lines (radius) and circle consists of arcs and central angles. The value of central angle is measured with the help of the arc length and the radius.
Complementary Angles: - If the sum of the two angles is 90⁰ they are called Complementary Angles and if the sum of two angles is 180⁰ than they are called supplementary angles. Consider an angle of 26⁰. Supplementary angle of 26⁰ is 154⁰ as 26⁰ + 154⁰ = 180⁰.
Congruent Angles: - if two angles have the equal measure then these two angles is said congruent. Angles play an extensive role in geometry. Most of geometric figures are classified based on their angles.



Corresponding Angles:-When two parallel lines cut by a straight line at different points then Corresponding Angles are formed.
Interior Angles: - Angle measures at the interior part of an enclosed shape are called as interior angle. That shapes play a vital part in geometry. Simply interior angles are the plane figure that is formed at the vertex, where two rays meet. Every shape in geometry possesses interior and exterior angles.
Exterior Angles:- Exterior Angles  is the angle between a side of a polygon and an adjacent side or any angle formed by line cutting across two other lines and located on the outside the lines. These are the angles some basic angles which are generally used for solving the angles problems.
Now I am going to tell you about Polygon and formulas for Sum of Angles. Usually polygon is a 2-D closed figure that consists of three or more than three line segments. The lines that shape a polygon are called its sides. The point where two successive sides of a polygon meet is called the vertex. The total space inside the boundary is called as the area of a polygon and the area is measured in terms of square unit.  Polygon area is usually calculated using the side length of a polygon. There are many types of polygons: Complex Polygon, Concave Polygon, Congruent Polygons, Convex Polygon, Irregular Polygon and Perimeter of a Polygon.

In upcoming posts we will discuss about Number systems in Grade V. Visit our website for information on CBSE 10th science syllabus

Decimals and Place Values

Hello children, let us discuss about decimals in mathematics from CBSE sample papers.

Decimals numbers are commonly used in all walks of our life such as business, medicine, measurement, mass, unit, and currency. (also read on properties of decimal numbers)
Decimals are part of a type of numbers in mathematics called as mixed numbers. A mixed number is combination of whole number and decimal part values.
Place value: The value of a digit is determined by its position in a number which is called place value. Place value is used to indicate the position of number system.
The place values are called as following
1-one
  10 – Ten
  100 – hundred
 1000- Thousands
10000- Ten thousands
100000- hundred Thousands
1000000-million
10000000-ten million
100000000-hundred million
1000000000-billion



Place value of decimal point:
                                                     The following table is representing the place value of decimal point values.

10 = 101 Tens

1 Ones

. Decimal point

1/10 = 10-1 Tenths

1/100 = 10-2 Hundredths

1/1,000=10-3 Thousandths

1/10,000=10-4 Ten thousandths

 Here 10¹ represent the tens place value of whole number system.
10⁰ represent the ones place value of whole number system.
’.’ represents the decimal point number.
10^-1 represents the tenths place value of decimal number system
10^-2 represents hundredths place value of decimal number system
10^-3 represents thousandths place value of decimal number system
10^-4 represents ten thousandths place value of decimal number system.



Let’s see the example: find out decimal point value of this given number 12.768

Sol:  here we have given number 12.768

We start from 1 number
Here 1 represents the type of whole number its place value is tens then original number is 1*10=10
Now start with number 2
Here 2 represent the type of whole number its place value is ones then original number is 2*1=2
Decimal point is separates the whole number.
Third number 7 is represent the type of decimal number and its place value is tenths then original value of 7 is   7*0.1=0.7
Fourth number i6 is represent the type of decimal number and its place value hundredth then the original value of 6 is 6*0.01=0.06
Fifth number 8 is represent the type of decimal number and its place value thousandths then the original value of 8 is 8*0.001=0.008


Let’s see the above example in expanded form:
Sol: given number is 12.768
12.768=    12+ 7/10+6/100+8/1000
So, 12.768 has one tens, two unit, seven tenths, six hundredth, eight thousandths


Let’s see the other example:
Ex: find the place value of this numbers: 456, 0.456,54
Sol:  let‘s see first number: 456
4 numbers is hundred place
         5 number is tens place
      6 ones place

Now we see Second number: 0.456
4 number tenths place
5 number hundred’s place
6 number thousand’s place

See the third number: 54
5 number tens place
4 ones place

In upcoming posts we will discuss about Order of Operations in Grade V. Visit our website for information on algebra help

LCM, GCF, ratios and proportions

Previously we have discussed about rational expressions applications and now we are going to study about LCM and GCF  which stand for least common multiple and greatest common factor respectively. In icse text books of Grade V, we are going to study about LCM and GCF.

If we have two numbers and need to find LCM of the given numbers, then we first write the factors of the two numbers and then find the product of all the factors. We should remember that the factor occurring in both the list should be written only once. Let us use an example to make it clearer:

Find the LCM of 10 and 15.

First write the numbers as the product of prime factors separately.

 10 = 1 * 2 * 5

15 = 1 * 3 * 5

5 and 1 appear in both set of prime factors, so they will be written only once while finding LCM.

 So LCM of 10 and 15 = 1 * 5 * 2 * 3

                                  = 30

 Now to find GCF, first find the prime factorization of the numbers whose GCF is to be calculated.

Then take the factors which exist in both the lists and find their product.

Thus we will get GCF. (Know more about proportions in broad manner here,)

E.g. Find the GCF of 10 and 15.

First write the numbers as the product of prime factors separately.

 10 = 1 * 2 * 5

15 = 1 * 3 * 5

 5 and 1 appear in both set of prime factors.

 So GCF of 10 and 15 = 1 * 5

The ratio of two quantities with same unit or same kind is the fraction of one quantity over another, we can also express in lowest term. The two terms are in proportion if we see that the lowest form of the two ratios gives the same result.

e.g. 5 :50 and 1: 10 are the two ratios, to check these ratios are in proportion, we convert 5 : 50 to lowest term by dividing both numerator and denominator by 5 and get 1: 10 . So we observe the two given ratios are in proportion.

In the next blog we will discuss the topic of Order of Operations in Grade V and if anyone want to know about predictions then they can refer to Internet and text books for understanding it more precisely.

.

Powers and repeated multiplication in Grade V

Children we have already studied about the concept of how to solve a rational number, Now we will talk about repeated multiplications of any number and math question related to it.
Let us say 2 * 2 * 2. Here we observe that number 2 is multiplied 3 times.
So this expression can be written as 2 > 3. We call it 2 raised to the power 3. This method of multiplication is called the concept of powers and repeated multiplication and comes under CBSE Board Syllabus.
Suppose we need to find the value of x>n, it means x is to be multiplied n number of times.
So if we write 2> 2 = 2 * 2 = 4
            similarly 3> 2 = 3 * 3 = 9
                          4 > 2  = 4 * 4 = 16
 and if we write 3 > 4 , we call it 3 raised to the power 4
                               = 3 * 3 * 3 * 3
                               = 81
We should also remember while solving powers that any number raised to the power zero is always 1.
so 4> 0 = 1
      5> 0 = 1
and 0 raise to any number is always zero. i.e. 0 > 3 = 0 *0 *0 = 0
Now solve 3 >0  + 2> 0
        As we know  that   any number raised to the power zero is always  1,
so  3 > 0 = 1 and 2 > 0 = 1
Putting these values in the given problem we get
             3 >0  + 2> 0  = 1 + 1 = 2 Ans.
 Similarly solve: 4> 0 * 2 > 0
             As we know  that any number raised to the power zero is always 1,
so  4 > 0 = 1 and 2 > 0 = 1

Putting these values in the given problem we get
             4 >0   *  2> 0  = 1 *  1 = 1 Ans.
This is all about the Powers and repeated multiplication and if anyone want to know about Sampling errors then they can refer to Internet and text books for understanding it more precisely.Read more maths topics of different grades such as Decimals and Place Values in the next session here. 

Direct, Indirect, Standard, and Non-standard Units

Hello friends,Previously we have discussed about antiderivative of fractions and in today's session we all are going to discuss about one of the most interesting topic of mathematics, standard and non-standard units of measurement and how we measure these units in direct/indirect manner in our everyday life which comes under central board of secondary education books.
First of all we will discuss what is standard units of measurements and how to solve math word problems related to it?
We deal with many measurement issues in our day-to-day life like somebody asks us about our weight and height then we answer directly that my weight is 30 kg and my height is around 4 feet . Why we give our answer in kilogram and feet because kilogram is standard unit of mass  and feet is the standard unit to measure height. So, we can say that standard units are those units which are generally used in our everyday life. Some of the important standard units of measurement are as follows
length = meter (m)
weight = kilogram(kg)
Volume = liter (ltr)
Time = second(sec)
Height = feet(ft)
Now further we discuss what is non standard unit of measurement?
Non standard units are those units which are not generally used in our daily life like
antique, ancient, archaic units like fathoms, acres, cubits, miles, stones, hundredweights, pounds, pecks, bushels, gills, pints, quarts, gallons .
Actually standard and non -standard units of measurement are related to each other like length conversion of units
1 myriameter = 10 kilometer
1 kilometer = 10 hectometer
1 hectometer = 10 decameter
1 decameter = 10 meter
1 meter = 10 decimeter
1 decimeter = 10 centimeter
1 centimeter = 10 millimeter
1 foot = 12 inch
1 inch = 1000 mils
and next chart describes conversion of units in weight
1 metric ton = 1000 kilogram
1 short ton = 2000 pounds
1 stone = 14 pounds
1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
1 kilogram = 1000 grams
These are some conversion charts which tells us about connection between standard and non - standard units of measurement.
Now we are going to discuss our next topic direct/indirect measurement of units
When we do measurement of unit with help of measurement devices like thermometer for measuring temperature, scale to measuring length and weight machine to measure weight then this type of measurement is called as a direct measurement of unit like we measure marble with the help of our measurement machine and we get measurement result like weight of marble is 5kg , length is 20 meter and height is 2 feet.
When direct measurement is not possible then we use indirect measurement, where Indirect measurement is a technique that uses proportions between similar figures to find a measurement, like we have two similar figures of tree, one is big tree and other tree is small and we have to find out height of tree, then here we use proportional technique between both similar tree figure to measure the height of big tree.

3/h = 6/24 write a proportion
6h = 3*24 find cross products
6h = 72 solve equation
h = 12
So the tree is 12 ft tall.
This example shows how indirect measurement is done with the help of proportions. This is all about direct / indirect measurement of units.
So in this session we learn about standard, non-standard units of measurement and direct and indirect measurement of units. I hope you learn many things about measurement of units from this session and if anyone want to know about equally likely events then they can refer to Internet and text books for understanding it more precisely.Read more maths topics of different grades such as Problems on sum of angles for Grade V in the next session here.

Unit Conversion and Measurement in Grade V

Hi friends, Previously we have discussed about number sense worksheets and today's session is here for measurement and unit conversion in grade V from Maharashtra Board Syllabus. While studying measurement, we simply talk about some standard measuring units and will know how to solve math questions based on it. In earlier times people used to measure the length with palms, feet. but the problem faced were that the palms and the feet of the kids varied from that of adults.
Let us imagine a situation, a man asked his son to bring the rope of length of 10 palms from the market. when he returned back with the rope, father took the rope and measured it. father got annoyed, did you know why? Yes, the rope he received was only 6 palms long. No children, it was not the fault of the son, but simply the difference that existed as the measure of the palm of the son and his father was different.
To overcome such problems of measurements, the standard units of measurements were developed. To do any of the mathematical calculations on the objects, it must be remembered that the units are same. It means that addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division can be done on the lengths only if they are having same units.
If the units are not same we convert one unit to another. This process of converting one unit to another is called Unit conversion. Unit conversion is very important role in mathematics. The standard unit of measurement is as follows (want to Learn more about Unit Conversion,click here),
For length we use Meter
For weight we use Kilograms
For  capacity we use Liter
The hierarchy of units are as follows:
Milli
Centi
Deci
UNIT
Deca
Hecto
Kilo
The upper one i.e. milli is the smallest and the last appearing unit i.e. kilo is the largest one. When we have to convert smaller unit to the bigger unit, we do division and when we have to convert the bigger unit to smaller unit, we do multiplication. Let us understand it more clearly by an example:
To change 24 millimeter to centimeter we divide 24 by 10
   = 24/ 10 cm
= 2.4 cm
Similarly  to convert 125 millimeter to decimeter we divide 125 by 100
 = 125 / 100 decimeter
= 1.25 decimeter
In the same way to change centimeter to millimeter  we multiply by 10
 Convert 23 cm to mm
= 23 * 10 mm
= 230 mm
To convert kilometer to hectometer, we multiply by 10
 Convert 12 km to hectometer
 = 12 * 10
= 120 hectometer
Convert 12 km to decameter, we multiply by 100
= 12 * 100 decameter
= 1200 decameter
Convert 12 km to meter, we multiply by 1000
 = 12 * 1000 = 12000 meters
Now we take an example
Say  we have to add 5 Km and 25 meters/ As the units are not same, they cannot be added. So we either convert 5 km to meters  or 25 meters to km so that the units become same and the mathematical operation can take place.
So 25 m = 25 / 1000 km
   = 0.025 km
Now we write add 5 km and 0.025 km
= (5 + 0.025) km
= 5.025 km
In the same way by bringing the units same, we can do any mathematical operation on them.
So this is a brief article about unit conversion and measurement in grade V. If you have any problem in solving unit problems,Steps in problem solving and Problem solving strategies then you can take help of online calculators.

Estimates of Measurements in Grade V

Hello Friends, in day-to-day life we deal with many measurement issues like somebody ask us about our weight and height and if you don’t  know about measurement of height and weight, then you don’t have answer. So it is required to know how we estimate measurement. So, in  today's session we all are going to discuss about one of the most interesting topic of grade V mathematics of tamilnadu education board, Estimates of measurements which is quite similar to the topic analytical geometry problems. 
First of all we discuss what is measurement.
Measurement is the process which is used to determine physical quantity in length, time, temperature etc. to standard unit of measurement like  length in meter, time in second or temperature in degree Celsius,You can also get math help online about  this topic.
Now further we discuss how we measure units of measurements.
Here we discuss measurement of five major units

• measurement of length : Basically measurement of length is done in meter and we have to know all basic conversions about length like  kilometer to meter, meter to centimeter etc. So I will show you a chart which shows how length conversion is done (want to Learn more about Measurements ,click here),

     1 myriameter = 10 kilometer
     1 kilometer = 10 hectometer
     1 hectometer = 10 decameter
     1 decameter = 10 meter
     1 meter = 10 decimeter
     1 decimeter = 10 centimeter
     1 centimeter = 10 millimeter
     1 foot = 12 inches
     1 inch = 1000 mils
If you know all these conversions about length then you can easily measure physical quantity in length term.

• measurement of weight : We generally measure weight in kilogram, but if we want to measure weight in grams and pounds , we have to  know all conversions about weight. I will show you a chart which shows all conversions about weight

     1 metric ton = 1000 kilograms
     1 short ton = 2000 pounds
     1 stone = 14 pounds
     1 kilogram = 2.20 pounds
     1 pound = 16 ounces
     1 kilogram = 1000 grams
With the help of this chart, we can easily measure weight.

• measurement of volume: We can generally measure volume in liter and we can also measure volume in other units of liter. We have to know all  conversions about volume and following chart makes it easier to do these these things.

1 liter = 1.057 quarts

1 milliliter = .001 liter

1 cup = 236.6 milliliter

1 ounces = 29.57 milliliter

With the help of this chart, we can easily measure volume.

• measurement of time : Basically we measure time in seconds, but if we want to measure time in millisecond or microsecond, then we have to know all things about time conversion and following chart shows all conversions about time

1 day  = 24 hours 

1 hour = 60 minutes

1 minute = 60 seconds

1 millisecond = .001second

1 microsecond = .000001 second

This chart teaches us how we measure time.

• measurement of temperature : Basically we measure temperature in Kelvin, but if we want to measure temperature in Celsius or other unit of  temperature, then we have to know all things about temperature conversion and following chart shows us how we do conversions of  temperature by using formulas

To convert celsius to kelvin : k= 273+c

To convert celsius to farenheit : 9/5C = F-32

To convert Farenheit to rankins : R = F+459.5

To convert Rankins to Kelvin : 9k = 5R

This chart teaches us how we convert temperature from Kelvin to degree Celsius and degree Celsius to Fahrenheit etc.

This is all about measurement of units and in this session we almost cover full concept of grade V mathematics topic Estimates of measurements. I hope you learn and use concept in your real life and If you want to know about Collect/organize/graph data then you can refer Internet.

Measurement in Grade V

Hello friends, how are you all today? Previously we have discussed about properties of rational numbers ,Are you ready for today’s session?
Our today’s topic is an interesting topic of mathematics. Measurement is the topic what we are going to read. In measurement we include Types of Measurements,help with math measurements, Measurement Problems in grade V of andhra pradesh board of secondary education. So students let's start now.
Measurement is the process of calculating or determining result of quantities. When I was a kid and my teacher asked me first what you know about measurement. I always found difficulty to answer back. Let me tell you a fact that you also deal with measurement daily but the thing is that you are not aware of it.
When you said to one of your friend that you are taller than him and he claims the same than you both stood stand by each other or use a tape to determine who is taller.
That means you are calculating your height or we can say it as you are measuring your height.
We use some units to compute them. Like in our example the unit of height is inches or feet. Likewise unit of mass for example our weight is measured in kilograms. And time, you all are familiar with the unit of time. What it is? It is seconds, minutes or hours.
Now after knowing measurement we will move on to the types of measurements their units and measurement problems. In measurement problems we learn how to convert one unit into other.(want to Learn more about Measurement ,click here),

Let us discuss about mass measurement. Mass is the amount of material in an object that are not effected by        the environment.
Based on the International System (SI) the unit of mass is Kilogram often denoted as kg.
We have seven base measurements and kg is one of them.

Different units of mass and their conversion:

10 milligrams	=	1 centigram
10 centigrams	=	1 decigram
10 decigrams	=	1 gram
10 grams	=	1 dekagram
10 dekagrams	=	1 hectograms
10 hectograms	=	1 kilogram
1,000 kilograms	=	1 metric ton

We generally say weight in place of mass. But weight and mass are two different quantities.
Mass is a measure that how much material some object can contain whereas  weight is the measure that how strongly gravity pulls some object.

Now we will go through time measurement:
To determine time we need some measurement unit. Based on the International System (SI) the unit of time is minutes. We also have second and hour etc to describe time.

Different units of time and their conversion:

1 minute = 60 seconds
1 hour = 60 minutes = 3600 seconds
1 day = 24 hours
1 week = 7 days
1 year = 365 days

Now I will tell you about volume measurement. Volume is the measure to compute the capacity of the object.
For example: How much a water bottle can contain is the capacity of that bottle.
Unit of volume is liter we often use lt instead of liter. Except liter we also have milliliter, centiliter etc units to measure volume.

Different units of volume and their conversion
1 milliliter = 0.001 liter
1 centiliter = 0.01 liter
1 deciliter = 0.1 liter
1 kiloliter = 1000 liters

We can also simplify this table as:
1000 milliliter = 1 liter
100 centiliter = 1 liter
10 deciliter = 1 liter

These all are some measurements, their types, and some measurement problems. Do refer some exercises on measurement and get perfect and if anyone want to know about Measures of central tendency/dispersion
then they can refer to internet and text books for understanding it more precisely. Read more maths topics of different grades such as Mean and median in Maths in the next session here.

Whole Numbers and Place Value in Grade V

Hello friends,Previously we have discussed about probability worksheets and  today we are going to discuss one of the important topics of math grade V of cbse syllabus which is whole numbers and place value. Whole numbers are the set of familiar numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on). When they are called counting numbers, zero is not included. The whole numbers are also called the positive integers (or the nonnegative integers, if zero is included) and they plays an important role to solve math problems.
The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, ... etc.

There is no or decimal part and no negatives. We will begin our review of place values with a look at whole numbers. When writing large numbers it is a common practice to separate them into groups of three using commas as the separator. When separating into groups of three, start from the right and count toward the left.
Example: 3, 79 and 980 are all whole numbers.
Place value is the value of a digit as determined by its position in a number. The name of the place or location of a digit in a number. The ability to understand place values is an important mathematics skill measured in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. More specifically, students should be able to identify place values in integers to the hundreds place to achieve this skill. Simply the Place Value is the position of a digit in a number written in standard form determines the actual value the digit represents.This table shows the place value for various position (want to Learn more about Whole Numbers ,click here),

Place (underlined)	Name of Position
1 000	Ones (units) position
1 000	Tens
1 000	Hundreds
1 000	Thousands
1 000 000	Ten thousands
1 000 000	Hundred Thousands
1 000 000	Millions
1 000 000 000	Ten Millions
1 000 000 000	Hundred millions
1 000 000 000	Billions

We will take some examples for explanation.
Example:
The number 521092 has a 5 in the hundred thousands place, a 2 in the ten thousands place, 1 in the thousands place, 0 in the hundredths place, 9 in the tens place, and a 2 in ones place.
Example:
Four billion, sixty million, six hundred twenty thousand
4,060,620,000
And another example
9,568,125
Numbers, such as 9,568,125 have seven digits.  Each digit has a different place value.
The first digit is called the millions' place value. There are nine millions in the number 9,568,125
The second digit tells you how many sets of one hundred thousand are in the number.  The number 9,568,125 has five hundred thousand.
The third digit is the ten thousands' place. There are six ten thousands in addition to the nine millions and five hundred thousand.
The fourth digit is the one thousands' place which is eight in this example.
The fifth digit is the hundreds' place which is one in the number 9,568,125.
The next digit two is the tens' place.
The last or right digit is the ones' place which is five in this example.
Therefore, there are nine sets of 1,000,000, five sets of 100,000, six sets of 10,000, eight sets of 1000, one sets of 100, two sets of 10, and 5 ones in the number 9,568,125.

Example :In the numeral 7,015,384, what digit is in the...
  Ques                                                           Answer
a) Ones place ?                                                   4
b) ten thousands place ?                                     1
c) tens place ?                                                     8
d) millions place ?                                               7
e) hundreds place ?                                            3
f) hundred thousands place ?                             0
g) thousands place ?                                           5
So here we end with whole numbers and place value. I hope that this article will help you in solving problems related to whole numbers and place value and if anyone wants to know about Number systems in Grade V and Percentages in Grade VI then they can refer Internet.

How to tackle Decimals and Percentage problems?

Previously we have discussed about rational expressions applications word problems and Friends today i am going to teach you one important topic of grade V of karnataka board namely percents and Fractions.A linear array of digits that represents a real number, every decimal place indicating a multiple of a negative power of 10. A number written using the base 10.
For example, the decimal 0.1 = ¹/₁₀, 0.12 = ¹²/₁₀₀, 0.003 = ³/₁₀₀₀

A percent is a ratio whose second term is 100. Percent means parts per hundred. The word comes from the Latin phrase per centum, which means per hundred. In mathematics, we use the symbol % for percent.
Example  of percents
23/100 =23%, 3/100 = 3%
In math fractions, the denominator tells us how many parts the whole is divided into, and the numerator tells us how many of those parts we're dealing with.the number above the bar is called the numerator, and the number below the bar is called the denominator.
Example :  ¾          3 is numerator and 4 is denominator

Every fraction can be converted to a decimal by dividing. If you use the calculator to divide 3 by 4, you'll find that it is equal to 0.75.
Here is a table of commonly occuring values shown in Percent, Decimal and Fraction form:

                                 Percent                   Decimal                  Fraction
                                 1%                                  0.1                     1/100
                                 10%                                0.1                     1/10
                                75%                                 0.75                    3/4

Conversions from Percent to Decimal
Percent-to-decimal conversions are easy; you mostly just move the decimal point two places. The way I keep it straight is to remember that50%, or one-half,. In other words, you have to move the decimal point two places to the left when you convert from a percent (50%) to a decimal (0.50). divide by 100, and remove the "%" sign. (Know more about Percentage ,click here),
Some more examples are
27% = 0.27
104% = 1.04
0.5% = 0.005
To convert from decimal to present in divide by 100, and remove the "%" sign. The easiest way to divide by 100 is to move the decimal point 2 places to the left.
Example
0.123 = 0.123/100 = 12.3
To convert fromFraction to Decimal the easiest way to convert a fraction to a decimal  is to divide the top number by the bottom number (divide the numerator by the denominator in mathematical language)
Example: Convert ²/₅ to a decimal
Divide 2 by 5: 2 ÷ 5 = 0.4
Answer: ²/₅ = 0.4
To  convert a decimal to fraction  needs a little more work.
Example: To convert 0.75 to a fraction
First steps =0.75/1
       ^{=   0.75 × 100}/ _{1 × 100}     Then multiply top and bottom by 10 for every number after the decimal point (10 for 1 number, 100 for 2 numbers, etc)
  = ¾
To convert from fraction to percentage is to divide the top number by the bottom number than multiply the result by 100 and add the % sign,
Example: 38
First divide 3 by 8: 3 ÷ 8 = 0.375,
Then multiply by 100: 0.375 x 100 = 37.5
Add the "%" sign:     and the answer is  37.5%
To convert from percentage to fraction first convert to a decimal (divide by 100), then use the steps for converting decimal to fractions (like above).
Example 80% to convert in fraction
80/100 =0.80
^{0.8 × 10}/ _{1 × 10}   Then multiply top and bottom by 10 for every number after the decimal point (10 for 1 number, 100 for 2 numbers, etc)
And the answer is =8/10 = 4/5
So here we end with Decimals, percents and fractions. I hope that this article will help you in solving problems Decimals, percents and fractions and If anyone wants to know about Percentages in Grade VI and also about LCM, GCF, ratios and proportions then they can refer Internet.